Which type of organizational culture is characterized by a focus on hierarchy and control?

The type of organizational culture characterized by a focus on hierarchy and control is best described by role culture. This culture emphasizes well-defined roles and responsibilities within the organizational structure. In role culture, the organizational hierarchy is clear, with authority flowing from the top down. This creates a stable environment where employees understand their specific positions and duties.

In contrast to power culture, which revolves around a central figure or a small group controlling decision-making, role culture decentralizes responsibility to various roles, ensuring that each employee's task is guided by established procedures and policies. While hierarchy is present in many cultures, role culture specifically highlights it through the defined functional roles of employees, which contributes to the overall control of operations within the organization.

The other cultural types mentioned, such as task culture which focuses on achieving specific tasks through teamwork, and person culture which treats individuals as the primary concern of the organization, do not embody a strong emphasis on hierarchy and control, which is why they are not correct answers in this context.